59. Spiral Matrix II

!CleanShot 2023-12-12 at 16.02.44@2x.png

class Solution:
    def generateMatrix(self, n: int) -> List[List[int]]:
        nums = [[0] * n for _ in range(n)]
        startx, starty = 0, 0               # 起始点
        loop, mid = n // 2, n // 2          # 迭代次数、n为奇数时，矩阵的中心点
        count = 1                           # 计数

        for offset in range(1, loop + 1) :      # 每循环一层偏移量加1，偏移量从1开始
            for i in range(starty, n - offset) :    # 从左至右，左闭右开
                nums[startx][i] = count
                count += 1
            for i in range(startx, n - offset) :    # 从上至下
                nums[i][n - offset] = count
                count += 1
            for i in range(n - offset, starty, -1) : # 从右至左
                nums[n - offset][i] = count
                count += 1
            for i in range(n - offset, startx, -1) : # 从下至上
                nums[i][starty] = count
                count += 1                
            startx += 1         # 更新起始点
            starty += 1

        if n % 2 != 0 :			# n为奇数时，填充中心点
            nums[mid][mid] = count 
        return nums